Katarzyna Lewandowska, Poland contributor

Covers Poland's private-sale process from primary sources: the swiadectwo charakterystyki energetycznej (mandatory since April 2023, with its reference number entered into the deed), the ksiega wieczysta land and mortgage register, and the notariusz's role at signing. Tracks the documents and register entries that decide whether a notary appointment can proceed.

In a Polish sale, the notary appointment is rarely where things go wrong; the risk sits in the paperwork assembled beforehand. The swiadectwo charakterystyki energetycznej must be issued by an assessor listed on the official government register, scheduling one takes time, and arriving without it leaves no room to improvise, since its reference number is written into the deed and the signing cannot proceed without it.

The ksiega wieczysta, Poland’s public land and mortgage register, is the next thing to check. Anyone can search it at no cost via ekw.ms.gov.pl, and ten minutes spent there early can prevent a stalled signing later, because old encumbrances and clerical errors do turn up, and a notary will not move forward until the entry reads clean.

On the buyer side, the 2 percent PCC civil-law transactions tax is theirs to cover, and the notariusz collects it at signing. BestFSBOGuide.com spells out details like this in plain terms, so a Polish closing holds fewer surprises for either party.

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